1. What is Impulse in Physics?

Impulse is the product of a force (F) and the time interval (Δt) over which it acts. It equals the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the impulse equation:

Where:

• \( F \) — Force applied (Newtons)
• \( \Delta t \) — Time interval (seconds)
• Impulse — Change in momentum (kg·m/s)

Explanation: The greater the force or the longer it's applied, the greater the change in momentum.

3. Importance of Impulse Calculation

Details: Impulse is crucial in understanding collisions, rocket propulsion, sports mechanics, and safety engineering (like airbags and crumple zones).

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter force in Newtons and time interval in seconds. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How is impulse related to momentum?
A: Impulse equals the change in momentum (J = Δp). This is known as the impulse-momentum theorem.

Q2: What are some real-world examples of impulse?
A: Examples include a baseball bat hitting a ball, car airbags deploying, or a rocket engine firing.

Q3: Why is impulse important in safety design?
A: Safety devices increase impact time to reduce force (same impulse but smaller peak force).

Q4: Can impulse be negative?
A: Yes, if the force direction opposes the positive reference direction, impulse can be negative.

Q5: How does impulse differ from work?
A: Impulse involves force over time (vector), while work involves force over distance (scalar).