1. What is the Corrected Serum Sodium Equation?

The Mayo Clinic corrected serum sodium equation adjusts measured sodium levels in the presence of hyperglycemia. High glucose levels can cause osmotic shifts of water from intracellular to extracellular space, diluting sodium concentration.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Mayo Clinic equation:

Where:

• \( Na \) — Measured serum sodium (mEq/L)
• \( Glucose \) — Serum glucose level (mg/dL)

Explanation: For every 100 mg/dL increase in glucose above 100 mg/dL, serum sodium decreases by approximately 2 mEq/L.

3. Importance of Sodium Correction

Details: Accurate sodium correction is crucial for proper diagnosis and management of hyponatremia in diabetic patients with hyperglycemia.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter measured sodium in mEq/L and glucose in mg/dL. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why correct sodium for glucose?
A: High glucose levels cause pseudohyponatremia by diluting sodium concentration. Correction provides the "true" sodium level.

Q2: What glucose level requires correction?
A: Correction should be considered when glucose exceeds 100 mg/dL.

Q3: Are there alternative correction formulas?
A: Some sources use 1.6 mEq/L per 100 mg/dL glucose increase, but 2.0 is more conservative and widely used.

Q4: Does this apply to all hyperglycemic states?
A: The correction works best for diabetic hyperglycemia. Other hyperosmolar states may require different approaches.

Q5: How does this affect treatment decisions?
A: Corrected sodium determines whether true hyponatremia exists and guides fluid management.