1. What is Impulse?

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a time interval. It is equal to the product of force and the time duration for which it acts, or equivalently, the product of mass and change in velocity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses two equivalent equations for impulse:

Where:

• \( I \) — Impulse (kg m/s)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kg)
• \( \Delta v \) — Change in velocity (m/s)
• \( F \) — Force applied (N)
• \( \Delta t \) — Time duration of force application (s)

Explanation: Both equations calculate the same physical quantity (impulse) using different approaches - either through the object's mass and velocity change, or through the applied force and its duration.

3. Importance of Impulse Calculation

Details: Impulse is crucial in analyzing collisions, rocket propulsion, sports mechanics, and any scenario where forces act over time to change motion.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Select your calculation method (mass/velocity or force/time) and enter the required values. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are the units of impulse?
A: The SI unit is kg m/s, which is equivalent to N s (Newton-seconds).

Q2: How is impulse related to momentum?
A: Impulse equals the change in momentum (J = Δp).

Q3: When should I use each formula?
A: Use mass/velocity when you know the object's properties, use force/time when you know the interaction details.

Q4: Can impulse be negative?
A: Yes, impulse can be negative if it causes a decrease in velocity (direction matters).

Q5: What's the difference between impulse and impact force?
A: Impulse is force × time, while impact force is the average force during collision.