1. What is Impulse?

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a time interval. It is a vector quantity calculated as the product of mass and the change in velocity (I = m × Δv).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the impulse equation:

Where:

• \( I \) — Impulse (kg m/s)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kg)
• \( v_f \) — Final velocity (m/s)
• \( v_i \) — Initial velocity (m/s)

Explanation: The equation calculates the change in momentum by multiplying the object's mass by the difference between its final and initial velocities.

3. Importance of Impulse Calculation

Details: Impulse is crucial in physics for understanding collisions, rocket propulsion, sports mechanics, and safety equipment design. It helps quantify the effect of forces applied over time.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter mass in kilograms and velocities in meters per second. All values must be valid (mass > 0). The result will be in kg m/s (kilogram meters per second).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between impulse and momentum?
A: Momentum is mass times velocity (p = mv), while impulse is the change in momentum (I = Δp = mΔv).

Q2: Is impulse a vector or scalar quantity?
A: Impulse is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction (same direction as the velocity change).

Q3: What are typical units for impulse?
A: The SI unit is newton-second (N·s) or kilogram-meter per second (kg·m/s).

Q4: How is impulse related to force?
A: Impulse equals the average force multiplied by the time over which it acts (I = F × Δt).

Q5: Can impulse be negative?
A: Yes, impulse can be negative if the final velocity is less than the initial velocity, indicating a decrease in momentum.